一、图纸基础信息识别

1、 Identification of basic information on drawings

比例与图例

Proportion and legend

济南地区常用 1:100 或 1:200 比例，注意风管尺寸标注单位（mm 或 m）

The commonly used scale in Jinan area is 1:100 or 1:200, pay attention to the unit of air duct size annotation (mm or m)

重点识别本地常用符号：

Key identification of commonly used local symbols:

? 排烟风管（红色虚线）

Smoke exhaust duct (red dashed line)

? 新风管（蓝色实线）

Fresh air duct (solid blue line)

? 消声器（济南地铁项目常用阻抗复合式符号）

Silencer (commonly used impedance composite symbol for Jinan Metro project)

标高系统

Elevation system

济南地区地下室层高普遍≥3.5m，注意风管底标高标注（如 F+2.8m 表示距地 2.8 米）

The basement floor height in Jinan area is generally ≥ 3.5m. Pay attention to the elevation marking of the air duct bottom (such as F+2.8m indicating a distance of 2.8 meters from the ground)

结合《山东省建筑防烟排烟系统技术标准》，排烟风管距可燃物间距≥150mm

According to the Technical Standards for Building Smoke Control and Exhaust Systems in Shandong Province, the distance between the exhaust duct and combustible materials should be ≥ 150mm

二、系统布局分析技巧

2、 System layout analysis skills

气流组织路径

Airflow organization path

济南夏季主导风向东南风，进风口应避开污染源（如工业区、交通干道）

The dominant wind direction in Jinan during summer is southeast, and the air inlet should avoid pollution sources such as industrial areas and traffic arteries

某商业综合体项目案例：新风管避开地下车库排风井，采用屋顶高位进风（高度≥5m）

Case study of a commercial complex project: The new air duct avoids the exhaust shaft of the underground garage and adopts high-level air intake on the roof (height ≥ 5m)

管道坡度设计

Pipeline slope design

冷凝水排水管坡度≥3‰（GB 50738-2011），济南湿度大需特别注意

The slope of the condensate drainage pipe is ≥ 3 ‰ (GB 50738-2011), and special attention should be paid to the high humidity in Jinan

人防地下室风管坡度需结合排水地漏位置，坡度方向箭头指向排水点

The slope of the air duct in the civil air defense basement should be combined with the position of the drainage floor drain, and the slope direction arrow should point to the drainage point

三、关键节点识图要点

3、 Key Points for Key Node Mapping

风管与设备连接

Air duct and equipment connection

风机进出口需设置软连接（长度 150-300mm），济南某医院项目采用硅钛合金软接

Soft connections (length 150-300mm) are required for the inlet and outlet of the fan. A hospital project in Jinan uses silicon titanium alloy soft connections

防火阀安装位置：距墙表面≤200mm（GB 50016-2014），需与图纸标注一致

Installation position of fire damper: ≤ 200mm from the wall surface (GB 50016-2014), consistent with the drawing markings

变径与弯头处理

Variable diameter and elbow treatment

矩形风管长边＞630mm 时需设置导流叶片，某地铁车站弯头采用 S 型导流板

When the length of the rectangular air duct is greater than 630mm, guide vanes need to be installed, and an S-shaped guide plate is used for the elbow of a subway station

济南西站风管变径段长度按 1:4-1:6 比例设计，减少局部阻力损失

The length of the variable diameter section of the air duct at Jinan West Station is designed in a ratio of 1:4-1:6 to reduce local resistance losses

四、材料与保温要求

4、 Material and insulation requirements

风管材质识别

Identification of duct material

地下车库排烟风管需采用厚度≥1.2mm 镀锌钢板（济南消防验收强制要求）

The smoke exhaust duct of the underground garage must be made of galvanized steel plate with a thickness of ≥ 1.2mm (mandatory requirement for Jinan fire inspection)

人防工程优先选用 3mm 厚钢板风管，配合 L50*5 角钢法兰

Priority should be given to using 3mm thick steel plate air ducts for civil air defense projects, in conjunction with L50 * 5 angle steel flanges

保温层标注

Insulation layer labeling

空调风管保温层厚度≥30mm（橡塑材料，导热系数≤0.034W/(m?K)）

The insulation layer thickness of the air conditioning duct is ≥ 30mm (made of rubber material, with a thermal conductivity coefficient of ≤ 0.034W/(m? K))

济南地区需注意冷凝控制，保温层外需设置防潮层（铝箔贴面）

Attention should be paid to condensation control in Jinan area, and a moisture-proof layer (aluminum foil veneer) should be installed outside the insulation layer

五、与其他专业协同要点

5、 Key points for collaboration with other professions

管线综合原则

Comprehensive principle of pipeline

风管避让原则：有压管让无压管，小管线让大管线

Principle of avoiding air ducts: pressure pipes should be replaced by non pressure pipes, and small pipes should be replaced by large pipelines

某综合体项目实例：风管与喷淋管交叉时，风管上翻 300mm 避开喷淋头

Example of a certain integrated project: When the air duct intersects with the sprinkler pipe, the air duct is flipped up 300mm to avoid the sprinkler head

预留孔洞标注

Reserved hole marking

穿墙套管尺寸需比风管大 100mm，济南地区预留孔洞需考虑保温层厚度

The size of the through wall sleeve should be 100mm larger than the air duct, and the reserved holes in Jinan area need to consider the thickness of the insulation layer

人防套管需标注密闭肋位置（距墙表面 50mm）

The position of the sealing rib should be marked on the civil air defense casing (50mm away from the wall surface)

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