当厨房通风管道出现异物（如油垢堆积、食物残渣、动物巢穴等）时，需及时处理以避免排烟不畅、异味、火灾隐患等问题。以下是分步解决方案：

When foreign objects (such as oil stains, food residues, animal nests, etc.) appear in the kitchen ventilation ducts, they need to be dealt with in a timely manner to avoid problems such as poor smoke exhaust, odors, and fire hazards. The following is a step-by-step solution:

一、紧急处理步骤

1、 Emergency handling steps

立即停止使用设备

Immediately stop using the device

关闭油烟机或排风扇，切断电源，防止异物被吸入电机或引发短路。

Turn off the range hood or exhaust fan, cut off the power, and prevent foreign objects from being sucked into the motor or causing a short circuit.

初步检查异物类型

Preliminary examination of foreign object type

油垢堆积：常见于长期未清洁的管道内壁，呈黑色粘稠状。

Accumulation of oil stains: commonly found on the inner walls of pipelines that have not been cleaned for a long time, appearing black and viscous.

固体异物：如厨余碎渣、塑料袋、动物（老鼠、鸟类）等。

Solid foreign objects: such as kitchen waste, plastic bags, animals (mice, birds), etc.

水油混合堵塞：多见于管道低洼处或弯头部位。

Water oil mixture blockage: commonly seen in low-lying areas or bends of pipelines.

二、自行清理方法（适合轻度堵塞）

2、 Self cleaning method (suitable for mild blockage)

工具准备

Tool preparation

橡胶手套、口罩、护目镜

Rubber gloves, masks, goggles

长柄刷、高压水枪（或淋浴喷头）、铲刀

Long handled brush, high-pressure water gun (or shower nozzle), shovel

碱性油污清洁剂（如烧碱溶液）或生物酶清洁剂

Alkaline oil stain cleaner (such as caustic soda solution) or biological enzyme cleaner

吸水布、塑料袋

Absorbent cloth, plastic bag

操作流程

Operation process

拆卸可接触部分

Disassemble the accessible parts

卸下油烟机滤网、管道接口处的可拆卸挡板（注意标记位置以便复原）。

Remove the detachable baffle at the filter screen and pipeline interface of the range hood (pay attention to marking the position for restoration).

机械清除大块异物

Mechanical removal of large foreign objects

用长柄刷或铲刀刮除管道内壁的油垢（避免使用金属工具划伤管道）。

Use a long handled brush or shovel to scrape off oil stains on the inner wall of the pipeline (avoid using metal tools to scratch the pipeline).

若为动物尸体或巢穴，需用夹子取出并密封丢弃，消毒处理。

If it is an animal carcass or nest, it needs to be removed with a clamp, sealed and discarded, and disinfected.

化学清洁

chemical cleaning

喷洒油污清洁剂（按说明书稀释），静置10-15分钟溶解油渍。

Spray oil stain cleaner (diluted according to the instructions) and let it stand for 10-15 minutes to dissolve the oil stains.

注意：避免强酸强碱腐蚀不锈钢或镀锌管道。

Attention: Avoid strong acids and alkalis from corroding stainless steel or galvanized pipes.

冲洗与干燥

Rinse and dry

用高压水枪或热水冲洗管道内壁，残留污水用吸水布擦干。

Rinse the inner wall of the pipeline with a high-pressure water gun or hot water, and dry any remaining sewage with a water absorbing cloth.

通风晾干后再装回部件。

After ventilation and drying, reinstall the components.

三、专业处理（严重堵塞或复杂情况）

3、 Professional handling (severe blockage or complex situations)

适用场景

Applicable scenarios

管道过长、弯头过多，无法自行触及深处。

The pipeline is too long and has too many bends, making it impossible to reach deep on its own.

油垢硬化严重或存在易燃风险（需防爆处理）。

Severe hardening of oil stains or the risk of flammability (requires explosion-proof treatment).

高层建筑公共烟道堵塞，需物业协调。

The public flue of high-rise buildings is blocked and requires coordination from the property management.

专业服务方式

Professional service mode

高压蒸汽清洗：通过高温蒸汽软化油垢并冲刷。

High pressure steam cleaning: Softening oil stains and flushing them with high-temperature steam.

机器人清洗：针对大型商业厨房管道，用摄像探头定位+机械臂清理。

Robot cleaning: For large commercial kitchen pipelines, use a camera probe for positioning and a robotic arm for cleaning.

化学降解：使用环保酵素分解油污，适合敏感环境。

Chemical degradation: using environmentally friendly enzymes to decompose oil stains, suitable for sensitive environments.

四、预防措施

4、 Preventive measures

定期维护

Regular maintenance

家庭厨房每3-6个月清洁一次滤网，1-2年深度清理管道。

Clean the filter screen in the home kitchen every 3-6 months and thoroughly clean the pipes every 1-2 years.

餐饮厨房需每月清理，并安装油水分离器。

The catering kitchen needs to be cleaned monthly and equipped with an oil-water separator.

安装防护设施

Install protective facilities

管道出口加装不锈钢防鼠网、防风止逆阀。

Install stainless steel rat proof nets and windproof check valves at the pipeline outlet.

使用防火阻燃材质的管道（如304不锈钢）。

Use pipes made of fire-resistant and flame-retardant materials (such as 304 stainless steel).

使用习惯优化

Optimization of usage habits

烹饪后延迟5分钟关闭油烟机，确保废气排净。

After cooking, delay for 5 minutes and turn off the range hood to ensure that the exhaust gas is completely discharged.

避免将高温蒸汽直接排入管道（加剧油垢凝结）。

Avoid discharging high-temperature steam directly into the pipeline (which can exacerbate the condensation of oil stains).

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